The subject is addressed at providing the knowledge and capabilities for mathematical and dynamic modelling of passenger vehicles and main automotive systems. The course also aims at introducing methodologies and modelling approaches for detailed vehicle simulation such as multibody modelling, and vehicle testing at different complexity levels.

Knowledge related to the dynamic behaviour of motor vehicles and of chassis subsystems such as suspension, steering and braking devices. Capability of modelling and analysing the behaviour of road vehicles with the analytical and numerical methods and simulation softwares provided during the semester.

Attendance to this module requires fluent spoken and written English as a necessary pre-requisite: all lectures and tutorials, and all study material will be in English. It is assumed that students taking this subject already have knowledge and understanding of fundamental of differential and integral calculus, analytical and applied mechanics, technical drawing, machine design, motor vehicle design, driver assistance system design, Matlab/Simulink software.

• Tire model in static and dynamic conditions (transient tyre / relaxation length model) Pacejka model (2006 and later). FTyre/CDTyre model + Swift model (theory only + Effect of pressure) – Matlab/Simulink – 6 h • Vertical dynamics/comfort: 2-3 dof quarter car model with nonlinear shock absorbers + 4 dof half car model (wheelbase filtering + road PSD) – Matlab/Simulink – 15 h • Driveline Torsional dynamics: mdof – nonlinearities in the components – single mass flywheel vs. DMF – torque limiter - clonk – Matlab/Simulink – 12 h • Lateral dynamics simulation: from bicycle (2WS/4WS) to multibody modelling (models with increasing complexity) – Matlab/Simulink– 9 h + ADAMS/Car– 3 h • Elasto-kinematic suspension modelling: examples and sensitivity – ADAMS/CAR – 6 h • Tire models: comfort analysis – ADAMS/Car – 3 h • Effects of differentials on Longitudinal/Lateral dynamics (open / LSD / Torsen / Active / Torque Vectoring) – mi split + effects on understeer characteristics - Matlab/Simulink/Simscape – 6 h • Experimental data analysis for model validation (specific maneuvers for understeer diagram + data fitting/parameter tuning) – veicolo squadra corse/ • Vehicle sideslip angle estimation (Kalman filter)? – Matlab – 15 h • Longitudinal dynamics with HV/EV: driving cycle + fuel consumption – Simulink/Simscape – 3 h • Driving simulators: Hardware in the loop – Software in the loop. – Driving simulators for human in the loop analysis (only description and SW examples) – 3 h

Theoretical lectures are supported by examples and applications. Lectures on a section of the syllabus will be followed by specific tutorials, where students are required to apply knowledge to working context problems. The tutor will provide materials and frames for solutions. However, students are asked to interact with the tutor, especially when setting the solution. The tutor will assist students during the tutorial class hours, supporting students in their learning progression and clarifying their doubts. Attendance to both lectures and tutorials is strongly recommended, being vital to achieve the expected learning outcomes. A report on a group project has to be prepared during the course. No intermediate formal checks of the learning process are programmed. Tutors are available weekly during the teaching period in order to meet students for consultation; please contact them by e-mail. Credits 8: 80 classroom hours (56 lecture hours, 24 tutorial hours).

• H.B. Pacejika, "Tire and Vehicle Dynamics", Butterworth-Heinemann, 2012. • W.F. Milliken, D.L. Milliken, "Race Car Vehicle Dynamics", SAE International, 1995. • Guiggiani, “The science of vehicle dynamics”, Springer, 2018

Modalità di esame: Prova scritta (in aula); Elaborato progettuale in gruppo;

Exam: Written test; Group project;

... Achieved learning outcomes will be assessed by means of a final exam (approx. weight 75%) and by the evaluation of the group project activities developed during the course (approx. weight 25%). This written part is based on an analytical assessment of student achievement of the “expected learning outcomes” described above. The examination consists of a written only test, duration 60 min, closed books. In order to properly assess such achievement, the exam is composed of two questions focused on the topics seen during the lectures. The written exam aims at evaluating the ability of the students to deal with the dynamic behaviour of vehicle systems, starting from the model definition and ending with the system analysis. In particular, the test aims at assessing knowledge, communication skills and ability to use tools and method taught in the lectures for analysing and modelling vehicle dynamics. The maximum obtainable mark is 30/30 cum laude. During the course, students are given an example of the final test, with discussion of the solution and hints on common errors and evaluation criteria. A few days after the written test, students are summoned for a review of the written output, in which examiners inform the student on grading criteria, and receive any student appeal supported by appropriate explanations. Further details on exam rules are given on the official course website.

Gli studenti e le studentesse con disabilità o con Disturbi Specifici di Apprendimento (DSA), oltre alla segnalazione tramite procedura informatizzata, sono invitati a comunicare anche direttamente al/la docente titolare dell'insegnamento, con un preavviso non inferiore ad una settimana dall'avvio della sessione d'esame, gli strumenti compensativi concordati con l'Unità Special Needs, al fine di permettere al/la docente la declinazione più idonea in riferimento alla specifica tipologia di esame.