The main learning objectives of this studio are: • Gaining an understanding of how to face climate change in cities, based upon a thorough analysis of climate trends, an assessment of most frequent hazards, and an evaluation of existing long term plans and most common climate measures. • Gaining graphic and oral communication skills for presenting climate measures and measures mainstreaming proposals into existing spatial and other long term planning tools. Hydro-Module: The module introduces the phenomena of precipitation runoff in relation to spatial planning. Two most widely used technical software are used: HEC-HMS (for hydrological modelling from precipitation to runoff) and HEC-RAS (for simple hydraulic modeling of channel in urban areas) .

Students will learn several things, including: • Knowledge of climate change (CC) phenomena, drivers, trends and impacts. • Knowledge of the main areas of action: adaptation and mitigation. • Knowledge of stand-alone plans and mainstreaming adaptation into existing planning tools. • Knowledge of common mitigation and RR measures. • Knowledge of of the urban ecology and of its components. • The climate planning process. • The skills needed to identify the main hydro-climatic hazards. • Methods for assessing the risk components according to different approaches: hazard, exposure, vulnerability and adaptive capacity or hazard and potential damages. • How to select appropriate measures to face different hydro-climatic hazards in urban context and or to take advantages of positive climatic change. • Methods for quantifying, cost assessing, prioritizing measures. • How to plan urban vegetation management. • How to select indicators to be used in managing urban ecosystems components. • Methods for quantifying, cost assessing, prioritizing measures. • Knowing the topics of surface hydrology useful in the investigation of spatial planning • Simple modeling of rainfall-runoff processes • Understanding the technical basis and the objectives of existing EU directive "Water" EU 60/2000.

• Territorial and Strategic Planning • Energy Consumption and Environmental Sustainability • Territorial Hydrology • Planning Rules and Institutional Context • Methodologies for Social Inclusion and Participation Knowledge: • Essentials of multilevel governance in spatial planning • Essentials of strategic planning (vision planning, charette, …) • Essentials of urban climatology (albedo, and thermal admittance of building materials and standard urban land cover) • GIS • Basics of physical geography and geomorphology, mathematics, geometry Skills • Charette consulting techniques

The studio (12 credits) will develop concept plans for mainstreaming climate measures into existing long-term plans of medium size cities from an English speaking country. Three components will work together to attend this outcome: Spatial planning component will be offered by Mr. Tiepolo (6 credits, 81 hours in class), Environmental component will be provided by Mr. Grignani (3 credits) and Hydraulic component will be offered by Mr. Ferrari (3 credits). The spatial planning component will organize activities into four sections: 0) Get started. 1) Identification and prioritization of main hydro-climatic hazards. 2) Identification of measures to reduce the hazard risk. 3) Mainstreaming the measures into a city planning tool. An assignment is expected to be delivered at the end of sections 1, 2 and 3. Lectures are conceived to introduce each key step. Section 0 – Get started (6 hours) 0.1 Studio presentation 0.2 Planning for climate change 0.3 Planning categories (refreshment) Section 1 – Identify and Prioritize Hazards (25 hours) 1.1 Hazards and information sources 1.2 The risk concept 1.3 Risk mapping Section 2 – Risk Reduction Measures (25 hours) 2.1 Recurrent RR measures according hazard 2.2 Measures categories, impact, quantity and priority 2.3 Who is expected to implement measures Section 3 – Mainstreaming Risk Reduction Measures (25 hours) 3.1 Stand-alone plans or mainstreaming into existing plans 3.2 Where to mainstream (development code, land use, transfer of development rights, …) 3.3 From measures to development rules and re-development techniques A short article or a book chapter will support each lecture. Students are required to read it and refer the main contents in short written summaries. Hydro-Module: • Basics of hydrology and hydraulics. ◦ Hydrological and hydrographic basin, spatial and temporal scales of water balance. ◦ Measurement of precipitation and flow, precipitation and flow pattern; ◦ Transformation of rainfall in runoff volume and discharge: losses and hydrological response. • Basics in River hydraulics ◦ River geometry and energy, momentum, types of flow and steady profiles. The hydraulic resistance, relations between the flow rate, average velocity, water level, in normal flow. ◦ The hydraulic works for control and regulation: weirs and orifices. • The driving variables in the Precipitation to Runoff process and impact of urbanization on hydrology. • Statistical hydrology: the frequency of events, probability, return time, hazard. • Managing flood risk. Risk assessment. Actions for management in EU and Italy. ◦ Floods risk: definitions and concepts. ◦ Directive FLOODS (dir. 2007/60 / EC) ◦ Action to reduce, mitigate, prevent floods risk Lectures will mainly based on documentation from HECHMS and HECRAS software. The Urban bioshpere management Module will organize activities into three sections: 1. Climate change 2. Urban biosphere components 3. Managing urban vegetation An assignment is expected to be delivered at the end of each section Lectures are conceived to introduce each key step. Section 1- Climate change (10 hours) 1.1 The atmosphere, the components of climate, their effects, weather variability, 1.2 The modification in climate, evidences, drivers, scenarios 1.3 The causes and the effects (cities, agriculture, forest) Section 2 – Urban biosphere (10 hours) 2.1 The vegetation: species, communities, biodiversity, alien species 2.2 Other living organisms in the city 2.3 C and energy cycles in urban plant systems and interaction with the biosphere Section 3 – Planning urban vegetation (10 hours) 3.1 Selection of species, image and functional role 3.2 Criteria and possibilities for cultivation techniques: where and how 3.3 Management inputs, cultivation costs, cost-benefits analysis A short article or a book chapter will support each lecture. Students are required to read it and refer the main contents in short written summaries.

Short lectures will introduce each key step of the analysis and planning activity. Students will work in teams but will be responsible for individual work within the team’s overall plan. Study area will be 2 medium sized cities form English speaking countries holding different types of long term planning tools. These cities will be chosen in different ecological zones (i.s. dry and temperate climatic zone) in order to compare different approach and solutions. The Urban biosphere management component will offer a number of practical visit and students will be involved in a project in the urban area

All the readings are freely accessible from the “Materiali” folder at the Studio web page TIEPOLO, M. 2017. Relevance and quality of climate planning for large and medium sized cities of the tropics. In Renewing Local Planning to face climate change in the Tropics, ed. M. Tiepolo, A. Pezzoli, V. Tarchiani (24 pp). Cham: Springer. Hydro Module: Softwares download pages for the hydro module are: • HEC-HMS, http://www.hec.usace.army.mil/software/hec-hms/ • HEC-RAS, http://www.hec.usace.army.mil/software/hec-ras/) Download the current setup package and documentation with example projects data Urban Biosphere Management Module: MARZLUFF, J. et al., 2008. Urban ecology. An international perspective on the interaction between humans and nature, Ed. Springer, pp 807 (a selection of chapters will be provided to students).

Modalitΰ di esame: Prova orale obbligatoria; Elaborato scritto individuale; Progetto di gruppo;

Exam: Compulsory oral exam; Individual essay; Group project;

... Final mark is a weighted mean of the marks received in each component of the studio (Mr. Tiepolo, Mr. Grignani, Mr. Ferrari). As for Spatial planning the final mark is the arithmetic mean of the marks received for the three assignments. Each assignment will be evaluated according evaluation criteria specified in the Assignment instructions that will be provided at the beginning of each section of the studio. Hydro Module The evaluation of the student in hydro module takes place by means of a oral examination, based on the topics of the course and on the illustration of assignment given during the course. Urban Biosphere Management Module The final mark is the arithmetic mean of the two assignement

Gli studenti e le studentesse con disabilitΰ o con Disturbi Specifici di Apprendimento (DSA), oltre alla segnalazione tramite procedura informatizzata, sono invitati a comunicare anche direttamente al/la docente titolare dell'insegnamento, con un preavviso non inferiore ad una settimana dall'avvio della sessione d'esame, gli strumenti compensativi concordati con l'Unitΰ Special Needs, al fine di permettere al/la docente la declinazione piω idonea in riferimento alla specifica tipologia di esame.