The module aims at providing the basic knowledge on the ergonomics for manufacturing systems, emphasizing how the “human centered” design of manufacturing processes and operation management may reduce the physical and mental workload sustained by the operator, improve his/her well-being and the system productivity (in the respect of gender issues and of people with special needs).

Knowledge on the main methods and tools of risk assessment, ergonomic design and evaluation of the workplace, digital human modeling, human-machine interaction To develop skills in the applications of the ergonomic principles to work organization, workplace design, choice of work tools as well as in the definition of work and production methods. Hands-on training on software programs for digital human modeling in manufacturing systems is also part of the expected learning outcomes.

Equilibrium equations and free-body diagram determination. Rigid bodies kinematics. Main statistical distributions.

Basic Knowledge (6 hours) o Static and functional anthropometric data. Databases and scaling techniques o Use of percentiles in design. Types of design o Elements of physical capabilities (mobility of joints, muscular strength and endurance). Data sources Digital Human Modeling (8 hours + 12 hours of Computer Lab) o Human manikins (classical percentile approach, human scale standard, multivariate manikins) o Testing of reach-ability, body space and postural comfort o Biomechanical modeling, loads at joints and strength percent capabilities Workplace Design (14 hours) o Work-related musculo-skeletal disorders. General classification and main risk factors o Manual material handling. NIOSH lifting equation. Snook & Ciriello Tables o Upper limb disorders. Hand intensive tasks. The OCRA method. Work tool design principles o Complex work content and whole body risk methods. EAWS main structure and examples o Legislation and standard overview for risk evaluation (ISO 11226; ISO 11228 series; EN 1005 series) Work Measurement (12 hours) o Principles and brief history of Time and Motion Studies. Main observational methods o Predetermined Motion Time System. Main structure and example of MTM-UAS o Integration of ergonomics in setting working times and in line balancing Human-Machine Interaction (8 hours) o Principles of human-machine interaction o Ergonomics in Industry 4.0 o Human-oriented evaluation of cobots and exoskeletons

The course is organized in 36 hours of lessons, 12 hours of class tutorials and 12 hours of computer lab modules. Class tutorials consist in the analysis of case studies and exercises for risk assessment method application. Problems are solved in class with the active participation of students. Computer lab modules are dedicated to the ergonomic software Siemens Jack: 9 hours are dedicated to guided tutorials + 3 hours are dedicated to a final assigment students have to work on. During the computer lab modules, students work in pairs. Each group of two students is responsible for uploading the simulation file at the end of the assigment and to prepare the power-point presentation they will discuss during the oral exam. It is not necessary that students belonging to the same group take the oral exam together.

Documentation in help is prepared and distributed by lecturer. Suggested books: MS Sanders, EJ McCormick “Human Factors In Engineering and Design”- Mc Graw Hill. D Meister, TP Enderwick “Human factors in system design, development and testing” – Taylor & Francis

Modalità di esame: Prova orale obbligatoria; Prova scritta tramite l'utilizzo di vLAIB e piattaforma di ateneo; Elaborato progettuale individuale;

The exam consists in a written test and an oral colloquium. The final mark will be the average of written and oral. For online exam, the written part of the exam is organized as a paper-based written test with video surveillance of the teaching staff. The duration is 2 hours during which students will be asked (didactic material at hand) to solve 3 exercises, similar to those assigned during class tutorials, and to answer to open questions. Examples of exercises from past exams are provided as part of the class tutorials. In addition, one or two full texts from past exams are published on the portal in the last month of the course for students to practice. The maximum score of the written test is 30/30. 18/30 is the minimum score to access the oral exam. The oral exam will cover the material taught in the course. For online exams, the oral colloquium is organzied through the Virtual Classroom platform. Students are expected to prove an overall understanding of the basic ergonomic principles as applied to the design and verification of workplaces as well as of the identification and application of risk assessment methods to different work contests. During the oral colloquium, students will also be asked to present (through a power-point presentation) and to discuss the final assignment of the computer lab modules, illustrating the reasons for their choices in the evaluation and re-design in virtual of the workplace. The correctness of the work and the level of understanding demonstrated during its discussion are part of the evaluation of the oral exam.

Modalità di esame: Prova scritta (in aula); Prova orale obbligatoria; Prova scritta su carta con videosorveglianza dei docenti; Elaborato progettuale in gruppo;

The exam consists in a written test and an oral colloquium. The final mark will be the average of written and oral. For blended exam, the written part of the exam is organized as a paper-based written test to be conducted in class (if possible and for students onsite) and/or with video surveillance of the teaching staff. The duration is 2 hours during which students will be asked (didactic material at hand) to solve 3 exercises, similar to those assigned during class tutorials, and to answer to open questions. Examples of exercises from past exams are provided as part of the class tutorials. In addition, one or two full texts from past exams are published on the portal in the last month of the course for students to practice. The maximum score of the written test is 30/30. 18/30 is the minimum score to access the oral exam. The oral exam will cover the material taught in the course. For blended exams, the oral colloquium is organized in person ((if possible and for students onsite) and/or through the Virtual Classroom platform. Students are expected to prove an overall understanding of the basic ergonomic principles as applied to the design and verification of workplaces as well as of the identification and application of risk assessment methods to different work contests. During the oral colloquium, students will also be asked to present (through a power-point presentation) and to discuss the final assignment of the computer lab modules, illustrating the reasons for their choices in the evaluation and re-design in virtual of the workplace. The correctness of the work and the level of understanding demonstrated during its discussion are part of the evaluation of the oral exam.