The main learning objectives of this studio are: A) Gaining an understanding of how to face climate change in cities, based upon a thorough analysis of climate trends, an assessment of most frequent hazards, and an evaluation of existing long term plans and most common climate measures. B) Gaining graphic and oral communication skills for presenting climate measures and measures mainstreaming proposals into existing spatial and other long term planning tools.

The main learning outcomes of this Studio are: Hydro-Module • an overview of urban hydrology and stormwater management considering the anthropogenic influences and the interaction with landscape in urban environments. • the phenomena of precipitation runoff in relation to urban spatial planning. • QGIS and linked water resources tools (SAGA, GRASS), for the spatial data analysis to be used for the representation of watershed characteristics in the hydrologic modeling • SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) used for both, to model and simulate surface runoff and for hydraulic transport in swales and channels in urban areas. Ecology Module • Knowledge of climate change (CC) phenomena, drivers, trends and impacts. • Knowledge of of the urban ecology and of its components. • How to plan urban vegetation and its management. • How to select indicators to be used in managing urban ecosystems components. Climate planning Module • Knowledge of the main areas for planning with climate: adaptation and mitigation • Knowledge of stand-alone plans and mainstreaming adaptation into existing planning tools • Knowledge of common mitigation and risk reduction measures • The climate planning process • How to select appropriate measures to face hydro-climatic hazards in urban context • Mainstreaming climate measures (mitigation and adaptation) into Conceptual plans for area development.

• Planning Rules and Institutional Context • Essentials of multilevel governance in spatial planning • Essentials of strategic planning (vision planning, charette, …) • Methodologies for Social Inclusion and Participation • Energy Consumption and Environmental Sustainability • Territorial Hydrology • Essentials of urban climatology (albedo, and thermal admittance of building materials and standard urban land cover) • GIS and basic spatial analysis • Basics of writing tools and spreadsheet applications (e.g. Microsoft Word and Excel, or equivalents)- Basics of physical geography and geomorphology, mathematics, geometry Skills

The studio (12 credits) will mainstream climate measures into a Concept Plan for an area to be developed according General/Comprehensive plan of a US town. Three components will work together to attend this outcome: Spatial planning component will be offered by Mr. Tiepolo (6 credits, 81 hours in class), Ecology component will be provided by Mrs Bertora (3 credits) and Hydraulic component will be offered by Mr. Ferrari (3 credits). The Climate planning component will organize activities into four sections: 1) Get started. 2) Identification and prioritization of main hydro-climatic hazards. 3) Identification of measures to reduce hydro-climatic risk. 4) Mainstreaming the measures into the Concept plan. An assignment is expected to be delivered at the end of sections 2, 3 and 4. Lectures are conceived to introduce each key step. Section 1 – Get started (6 hours) 1.1 Studio presentation 1.2 Planning for climate change 1.3 Planning categories (refreshment) Section 2 – Identify and Prioritize Hazards (25 hours) 2.1 Hazards and information sources 2.2 The risk concept 2.3 Risk mapping Section 3 – Risk Reduction Measures (25 hours) 3.1 Recurrent RR measures according hazard 3.2 Measures categories, impact, quantity and priority 2.3 Who is expected to implement measures Section 4 – Mainstreaming Risk Reduction Measures (25 hours) 4.1 Stand-alone plans or mainstreaming into existing plans 3.2 Where to mainstream (development code, land use, transfer of development rights, …) 4.3 From measures to development rules and re-development techniques A short article or a book chapter will support each lecture. Students are required to read each article and book chapter and summarize it in a half A4 page . Hydro-Module • Basics of hydrologic cycle in urban environment, hydrology and hydraulics. ◦ Hydrological and hydrographic basin, spatial and temporal scales of water balance. ◦ Measurement of precipitation and flow, precipitation and flow pattern; ◦ Transformation of rainfall in runoff volume and discharge: losses and hydrological response. • Basics hydraulics for stormwater conveyance. Basic hydraulic works for control and regulation: weirs and orifices. • The driving variables in the Precipitation to Runoff process and impact of urbanization on hydrology. • Statistical hydrology: the frequency of events, probability, return time, hazard. • Managing flood risk. Risk assessment. Actions for management in EU and Italy. ◦ Floods risk: definitions and concepts. ◦ Directive FLOODS (dir. 2007/60 / EC) ◦ Action to reduce, mitigate, prevent floods risk . Readings will be supplied to supplement the software manuals and the lectures notes. Ecology Module will organize activities into three sections: 1. Climate change 2. Urban biosphere Planning urban vegetation An assignment is expected to be delivered at the end of each section. Lectures are conceived to introduce each key step. Section 1- Climate change (10 hours) 1.1 The atmosphere.and the climate 1.2 Climate and weather, weather variability 1.3 The modifica tion of climate and related causes and effects, 1.4 Air quality Section 2 – Urban biosphere (10 hours) 2.1 communitiesThe environmental role of urban vegetation. 2.2 Main beneficial functions of vegetation 2.3 Species, communities, biodiversity in urban ecosystems 2.4 Carbon cycle in urban system Section 3 – Planning urban vegetation (10 hours) 3.1 Few elements of landscape architecture 3.2 Urban soils 3.3 Composting plants for urban carbon recycle 3.4 Management of urban green A short article or a book chapter will support each lecture. Students are required to read it and refer the main contents in short written summaries. Climate planning Study area belongs to a US town. Students are expected to prepare (working in teams of 3 stu each) a Conceptual site plan for the area according General or Comprehensive plan and development code. Short lectures will introduce each key step of the analysis and planning activity.

SP4CC Studio requests a concept plan proposal to organize an infill development in the St John district of Portland, Oregon (USA). The concept plan operates on two scales: the entire area and a residential lot. The three modules (Climate planning, Ecology and Hydrology) support the Students in drafting the proposal by steps, each developed through integrated assignments. To develop the Concept plan proposal, the students organize themselves into Teams of 3-4 members each.

Each module offers lectures and practical assignments. Hydro (Lectures + 2 assignments) Ecology (Lectures + 2 assignments) Climate Planning (8 lectures + 2 assignments) The three modules are integrated and expected to develop specific parts of a site development proposal for a town in an english speaking country. Guidelines and written tips are available at the Materiali folder to develop the assignments.

Hydro Module: Free lincenced softwares download pages for the hydro module are: • QGIS https://www.qgis.org/en/site/ • SWMM https://www.epa.gov/water-research/storm-water-management-model-swmm Download the current setup package and documentation with example projects data. Ecology Module: McPHEARSON et al. 2016. Advancing Urban Ecology toward a Science of Cities. GRIMM et al. 2008. Global Change and the Ecology of Cities. Climate Planning Module: All the readings are freely accessible from the “Materiali” folder at the Studio web page TIEPOLO, M. 2017. Relevance and quality of climate planning for large and medium sized cities of the tropics. In Renewing Local Planning to face climate change in the Tropics, ed. M. Tiepolo, A. Pezzoli, V. Tarchiani (24 pp). Cham: Springer. TIEPOLO 2019. Illustrated tips on safe urban roads and landscaping around roads-2019 edition

Modalità di esame: Prova orale obbligatoria; Elaborato grafico individuale; Elaborato grafico prodotto in gruppo;

Exam: Compulsory oral exam; Individual graphic design project; Group graphic design project;

... Climate Planning Final evaluation considers the 2 activities developed during the Studio: A. Evaluation report of a local climate plan (0 to 4 points) , B. Site development proposal (0 to 8 points). The above points are added to a 18 points base to attend the final score expressed in 30 points. Exam: Each Team is expected to present his Conceptual plan proposal for the study area (two A0 drawings) showing the methodology (flowchart) used and the integration of activities developed witin the 3 modules (Hydro, Ecology, Climate Planning). Moreover, each Student is expected to present a Conceptual plan detail (road system, green areas, buildings, etc.). Urban Hydrology and Ecology Exam: Each Student is expected to relate on the identification of major climate threatens in the study area, the selection of priority ecosystem services, the vegetation planned for maximizing ecosystem services, the indicators used for evaluating ecosystem components. Final mark is a weighted mean of the marks received in each module of the studio (Hydro+Ecology+Climate planning).

Gli studenti e le studentesse con disabilità o con Disturbi Specifici di Apprendimento (DSA), oltre alla segnalazione tramite procedura informatizzata, sono invitati a comunicare anche direttamente al/la docente titolare dell'insegnamento, con un preavviso non inferiore ad una settimana dall'avvio della sessione d'esame, gli strumenti compensativi concordati con l'Unità Special Needs, al fine di permettere al/la docente la declinazione più idonea in riferimento alla specifica tipologia di esame.

Modalità di esame: Elaborato grafico individuale; Elaborato grafico prodotto in gruppo;

The evaluation aims to ascertain to what extent the objectives of the Studio have been achieved by each individual Student: (i) Ability to improve the project proposal according to the revisions received and the suggested design references (ii) Integration of the contributions offered by Climate planning, Hydrology and Ecology (iii) Completeness of the proposal with respect to the required components (iv) Quality of the proposal (development and integration of the project elements, definition of the details, graphic and verbal communication) The rules for taking the exam are: • Submit the Conceptual plan proposal within the deadline established at the beginning of the Studio, • Specify the contribution of each Student (housing, landscaping, circulation, common place, street element) to the proposal presented by the Team. Specific criteria for Hydrology Module Student presents and is able to discuss the following assignments: - HY01: design rainfall and natural runoff. (defining design rainfall characteristics, implement in SWMM the natural (before any urbanization) watershed and compute the natural runoff. - HY02: (your first step in hydrological design) implement in SWMM your urbanization proposals, compute the runoff. - HY03: (final step, after some iteration) Change you project to meet hydraulic (or hylogical, if possible) invariance in the computed runoff.

Modalità di esame: Prova orale obbligatoria; Elaborato grafico individuale; Elaborato grafico prodotto in gruppo;

Risultati di apprendimento attesi Gli atelier si propongono di trasmettere specifiche conoscenze per affrontare il progetto di un organismo edilizio in contiguità con il tessuto edificato esistente, per riqualificare l’intero ambito coinvolto, relative a: - identificazione e comprensione dei caratteri tipologici, morfologici, distributivi e tecnologici del tessuto esistente; - comprensione della complessità del processo progettuale individuando le soluzioni progettuali, anche a scala di dettaglio, più appropriate alle esigenze che il tema specifico esprime. Le capacità acquisite a conclusione degli Atelier saranno: - capacità di cogliere pienamente le potenzialità progettuali che derivano dall’interazione tra forma e tecnica, rapportate al contesto; - capacità di affrontare il progetto architettonico alla scala del singolo manufatto edilizio; - capacità di individuare – a partire dalla lettura interpretativa dei caratteri delle preesistenze – i criteri necessari a stabilire un dialogo tra progetto e contesto; - capacità di gestire autonomamente un progetto di architettura in un tempo determinato e di rispettare il calendario delle attività progettuali, che porta a ultimare il progetto in tutte le sue parti entro la fine del semestre. Criteri, regole e procedure per l'esame Gli elaborati progettuali saranno oggetto di discussione e revisione in itinere con la docenza durante tutto l’Atelier. L'esame finale consisterà nella presentazione e discussione del progetto sviluppato. In particolare si prevede di discutere il contenuto del progetto architettonico, dei dettagli tecnologici e della fattibilità costruttiva, della rappresentazione del progetto attraverso modelli fisici. La valutazione avverrà: - per il % rispetto alle revisioni e discussioni del progetto in itinere; - per il % rispetto alla discussione finale degli elaborati di progetto. I criteri di valutazione si riferiscono all’accertamento del raggiungimento dei seguenti obiettivi (coerentemente con i Risultati dell’apprendimento attesi sopra dichiarati): la capacità di trasferire nel progetto le conoscenze acquisite nel corso delle lezioni e delle revisioni, la fattibilità costruttiva del progetto, il livello di consapevolezza delle scelte architettoniche e tecnologiche e il loro grado di integrazione. Tra gli elementi di valutazione vi sarà la capacità di rispettare le scadenze interne all’atelier e quindi di concludere il progetto nei tempi previsti. E richiesto raggiungere almeno la sufficienza in ciascuno dei tre moduli che compongono l'Atelier per passare l'esame.