The disciplinary laboratory of Energy Conscious Design of Post-Carbon Building is inserted in the MSc in Architecture Building City and is aimed at providing students with knowledge of energy topics applied to architectural projects. Another objective is that of making students conscious of the cultural richness, the requirements, the methodologies and the tools typical of building physics, in order to be able to carry out a disciplinary thesis on these themes. In particular, students face the challenge of develop the retrofit of a residential existing building considering energy, environmental, financial and economic aspects for the evaluation of the different scenarios. At the end of the program, students will achieve the ability to apply this knowledge in architectural design that is a complex context in which building physics requirements for reaching the post-carbon target heavily influence the design phase. Specifically, students will be able to understand design requirements, to consider regulations and technological restrictions, to use more appropriate numerical or analytical calculation tools, know parameters to evaluate and approve a building physics project and have the ability to make choices that involve different aspects of a building project.

This teaching is aimed at providing architects with a basic knowledge of building physics phenomena linked to design process, of software for assessing energy performances and of tools for evaluating financial and economic aspects. Students acquire the knowledge required to dialogue with the various disciplinary skills, which operate in this process. During the teaching, students have the chance to test their achieved knowledge through a specific retrofit design activity. In particular, at the end of the program students will acquire the following learning outcomes: - Knowledge of physical concepts at the base of thermal fluid-dynamic phenomena related to indoor environment; - Knowledge of building physics design requirements; - Knowledge of technical regulations and legislation related to building physics; - Knowledge of building physics properties of components and materials; - Knowledge of numerical and analytical methods for building physics and plant design; - Knowledge of software to assess in a simplified way building energy performance; - Knowledge of tools to evaluate financial and economic aspects of a retrofit scenario; and abilities: - Identify building physics requirements, to be verified during the design process according to building use; - Choose materials, envelope components and cladding materials, respecting building physics requirements; - Choose the design solution that satisfies at the same time the various building physics requirements; - Apply numerical and analytical methods for building physics design; - Critically review of various design solutions from an energy and environmental point of view.

Students are requested to have the basic concepts of building physics applied to indoor environment (lighting, acoustics and air-conditioning), already achieved during the bachelor degree. In particular, the following knowledge is considered as achieved: - Basics of fluid-dynamics, thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer, lighting and acoustics; - Principles of thermal building-physics; - Main materials and construction technologies used for keeping under control the above-mentioned phenomena. And abilities: - Ability to make conscious choices related to the building physics design; - Ability to calculate performance and to verify the main thermal-hygrometric, energy and comfort requirements related to the building envelope and to the indoor environment.

Some building physics issues will be proposed to the students, which appear with frequency during design process. For each issue, professors provide a building physics interpretation of the topic and a methodology for an in-depth examination of the problem, in order to identify the best technological solutions according to regulations and indoor comfort requirements. In particular, the following topics are covered: - Principles for post-carbon building design and for existing building retrofit (6 hours); - Audit principles and building energy survey (9 hours); - Design requirements related to indoor air quality and thermal comfort (3 hours); - Building envelope thermal design (6 hours); - Techniques for natural ventilation and air-conditioning for indoor environment; Ventilation and air-conditioning systems (3 hours); - Building energy systems design (3 hours); - Renewable energy sources technologies (3 hours) - Building energy assessment (12 hours) - Cost-optimal and cost-benefit analysis for building design (6 hours); - Financial and economic evaluation (9 hours). Considering the topics covered during the program, each student has to make evaluations related to building physics regarding an architectural project with the support of manual calculation or automatic tools. These evaluations represent design activities specifically related to energy efficient buildings and systems. Critical analysis on evaluation results demonstrates that students have achieved the ability to face building physics topics during the retrofit design phase; they will reach this goal in an autonomous way, consciously and with the competence typical of an architect.

The development of a specific design activity is required in order to apply the achieved knowledge. Design topics could be carried out as a teamwork, with four or five students, or by a single student. In order to help students with their design activity, professors provide numerical exercises on topics covered during the teaching. The teaching is a 6 credit program (60 hours): 30 hours are destined to lessons on theory, while about 30 hours are for the design activity (exercises given by professors and times dedicated to review design activity). For this teaching, the total study load range is between 150 and 180 hours (between 25 and 30 hours per credit), which includes attending lessons, design activity and study. Preferably, work reviews take place during lesson time. There are two types of reviews: public revision, during which the progress of the work is presented to the whole class and to the teachers, and single-group revision, during which the progress of the energy, financial and economic calculations and of the architectural project is discussed directly with the teachers. Each work group has a maximum of three or four reviews, which will be concluded by the end of the lessons. Every group is required to write a report, where the following data are collected: design requirements, schemes and sketches representing the adopted solutions, calculations, results and conclusions. In addition, they have to create a power point presentation, where requirements, project solutions, results and conclusions are reported in a synthetic form. The power point presentation will be illustrated during the final exam. Some posters are required to describe the development of the project from the energy and architectural point of view, and energy-environmental-financial-economic results. In the classroom there could also be a tutor to help the students. For particular situations, the professor will be at students disposal for any clarification about lessons, only by appointment (e-mail). The use of EXCEL or MATLAB is recommended for calculations; the use of drawing tools is also required. By the end of the teaching, students will upload the design work on the teaching portal, on the dedicated page, in the section called “Elaborati”. By the first exam date, the project work will be corrected and it will be valid for more sessions. After the end of the lessons, no more reviews with the professors will be possible. In addition, if the number of attending students is compatible, technical visits to construction sites will be organized.

Usually, professors use presentations, which are uploaded on the teaching portal. Extended documents on single topics, prepared by professors, form additional teaching material. Students who want to examine the topic in-depth, can refer to the following books (further and specific references in English will be provided during the lessons): - Rehva Guidebooks on HVAC Systems and on Cost-Optimal Analysis developed by Rehva (European Federation of Air Conditioning) - ASHRAE Fundamentals developed by ASHARE (American Society of Air Conditioning) - L.Stefanutti (a cura di), Manuale degli Impianti di Climatizzazione, Tecniche Nuove, 2007 - V.Corrado, E.Fabrizio, Applicazioni di termofisica dell’edificio e climatizzazione, CLUT, 2009 (II edizione) - V. Corrado, S. Paduos, La nuova legislazione sull’efficienza energetica degli edifici. Requisiti e metodi di calcolo, CELID, 2010 (II edizione) - S. Corgnati (a cura di), La procedura di certificazione energetica degli edifici in Piemonte, Guida pratica, CELID, 2010 - O. De Paoli, M. Ricupero (a cura di), Sistemi solari fotovoltaici e termici, CELID, 2007 For each topic covered during the lessons, the professors specify, on the teaching portal, which chapters of the reference books have to be examined in-depth. In addition, during the lessons, other bibliography related to technical literature, to regulations and to industrial production of technological components and systems, will be communicated. It is also suggested that the students visit the Documentation Centre “Laboratorio di Analisi e Modellazione dei Sistemi Ambientali” (LAMSA), housed in Castello del Valentino.

Modalità di esame: Test informatizzato in laboratorio; Prova orale facoltativa; Elaborato scritto prodotto in gruppo; Elaborato progettuale in gruppo;

Exam: Computer lab-based test; Optional oral exam; Group essay; Group project;

... The learning control will be performed firstly through a test with multiple choice questions performed with the Exam platform. Questions will cover the whole program developed during the course in order to verify specifically the knowledge acquired by each single component of the working group. A grade of maximum 30/30 will be attributed to the test. None teaching material will be open to consultation during the entire exam. The design activity conducted and reported by each group will be evaluated depending on its achievement of the objectives with respect to correctness of the technical and architectural decisions (materials choice, their collocation in the project, …), exactness of calculations and compliance with law requirements. A presentation and 2 posters have to be prepare by each group. The development and the implementation of the project during the whole course will be taken into account for the final evaluation, considering also clarity, ability to synthesis and properties of languages demonstrated by the students. A grade of maximum 30/30 will be attributed to the exercise part and it is the same for the entire group. This part will be evaluated during an oral exam performed with a Virtual Classroom specifically created or in presence. The final mark will be the weighted average between the evaluation of the test on the theoretical part (30%) and the evaluation of the design activity (70%).

Gli studenti e le studentesse con disabilità o con Disturbi Specifici di Apprendimento (DSA), oltre alla segnalazione tramite procedura informatizzata, sono invitati a comunicare anche direttamente al/la docente titolare dell'insegnamento, con un preavviso non inferiore ad una settimana dall'avvio della sessione d'esame, gli strumenti compensativi concordati con l'Unità Special Needs, al fine di permettere al/la docente la declinazione più idonea in riferimento alla specifica tipologia di esame.

Modalità di esame: Prova orale facoltativa; Elaborato scritto prodotto in gruppo; Prova scritta tramite PC con l'utilizzo della piattaforma di ateneo; Elaborato progettuale in gruppo;

The learning control will be performed firstly through a test with multiple choice questions performed with the Exam platform. Questions will cover the whole program developed during the course in order to verify specifically the knowledge acquired by each single component of the working group. A grade of maximum 30/30 will be attributed to the test. None teaching material will be open to consultation during the entire exam. The design activity conducted and reported by each group will be evaluated depending on its achievement of the objectives with respect to correctness of the technical and architectural decisions (materials choice, their collocation in the project, …), exactness of calculations and compliance with law requirements. A presentation and 2 posters have to be prepare by each group. The development and the implementation of the project during the whole course will be taken into account for the final evaluation, considering also clarity, ability to synthesis and properties of languages demonstrated by the students. A grade of maximum 30/30 will be attributed to the exercise part and it is the same for the entire group. This part will be evaluated during an oral exam performed with a Virtual Classroom specifically created or in presence. The final mark will be the weighted average between the evaluation of the test on the theoretical part (30%) and the evaluation of the design activity (70%).

Modalità di esame: Prova orale facoltativa; Elaborato scritto prodotto in gruppo; Prova scritta tramite PC con l'utilizzo della piattaforma di ateneo; Elaborato progettuale in gruppo;

The learning control will be performed firstly through a test with multiple choice questions performed with the Exam platform. Questions will cover the whole program developed during the course in order to verify specifically the knowledge acquired by each single component of the working group. A grade of maximum 30/30 will be attributed to the test. None teaching material will be open to consultation during the entire exam. The design activity conducted and reported by each group will be evaluated depending on its achievement of the objectives with respect to correctness of the technical and architectural decisions (materials choice, their collocation in the project, …), exactness of calculations and compliance with law requirements. A presentation and 2 posters have to be prepare by each group. The development and the implementation of the project during the whole course will be taken into account for the final evaluation, considering also clarity, ability to synthesis and properties of languages demonstrated by the students. A grade of maximum 30/30 will be attributed to the exercise part and it is the same for the entire group. This part will be evaluated during an oral exam performed with a Virtual Classroom specifically created or in presence. The final mark will be the weighted average between the evaluation of the test on the theoretical part (30%) and the evaluation of the design activity (70%).