Knowledge related to the dynamic behaviour of motor vehicles and chassis subsystems such as suspensions, tyres and driveline. Capability of modelling and analysing the behaviour of road vehicles with the analytical and numerical methods and simulation softwares used during the semester (Matlab/Simulink/Simscape and AdamsCar).

Attendance to this module requires fluent spoken and written English as a necessary pre-requisite: all lectures and tutorials, and all study material will be in English. It is assumed that students taking this subject already have knowledge and understanding of fundamentals of differential and integral calculus, analytical and applied mechanics, technical drawing, machine design, motor vehicle design, driver assistance system design, Matlab/Simulink software. Mandatory pre-requirement: Students are requested to follow the introductory courses (OnRamp) on Matlab, Simulink and Simscape available on the MAthworks site (https://matlabacademy.mathworks.com/#getting-started) and to upload the certificate of attendance to the course before the beginning of the course..

• Vertical dynamics/comfort: 2 dof quarter car model with nonlinear shock absorbers; 4 dof half car model (wheelbase filtering + road PSD) – Matlab/Simulink • Tire models in static and dynamic conditions (transient tyre / relaxation length model) Pacejka model (2006 and later) – Matlab/Simulink • Longitudinal dynamics with HV/EV: driving cycle + fuel consumption – Simulink/Simscape • Lateral dynamics simulation: from single track (2WS/4WS) to multibody modelling (models with increasing complexity) – Matlab/Simulink + ADAMS/Car • Suspension modelling: examples and sensitivity, analysis of elasto-kinematics – ADAMS/CAR • Effects of differentials on Longitudinal/Lateral dynamics (open / LSD / Torsen / Active / Torque Vectoring) - Matlab/Simulink/Simscape • Driveline Torsional dynamics: mdof – nonlinearities in the components – single mass flywheel vs. DMF – torque limiter - clonk – Matlab/Simulink • Experimental data analysis for model validation (specific manoeuvres for understeer diagram + data fitting/parameter tuning) – case study - Matlab • Vehicle sideslip angle estimation (Kalman filter) – Matlab • Driving simulators: Hardware in the loop – Software in the loop – Driving simulators for human in the loop analysis (description and SW examples)

Each topic is addressed with a short lecture recalling the theoretical background necessary to solve the proposed tasks. The core activities are developed in the following tutorials, where students are required to apply knowledge to working context problems. The tutors will provide materials and frames for solutions. Students are asked to interact with the tutors, especially when setting the solution. The tutors will assist students during the tutorial class hours, supporting students in their learning progression and clarifying their doubts. Attendance to classes is strongly recommended, being vital to achieve the expected learning outcomes. A report on a group project has to be prepared during the course. No intermediate formal checks of the learning process are programmed. Tutors are available weekly during the teaching period in order to meet students for consultation; please contact them by e-mail. Credits 8: 80 classroom hours.

• H.B. Pacejika, "Tire and Vehicle Dynamics", Butterworth-Heinemann, 2012. • W.F. Milliken, D.L. Milliken, "Race Car Vehicle Dynamics", SAE International, 1995. • Guiggiani, “The science of vehicle dynamics”, Springer, 2018 Lectures notes on specific topics and other material are available on the course page. Tutorials: texts of problems and Matlab/Simulink/Simscape codes are provided on the subject website before the tutorials. Students should download the files before the lectures.

Lecture notes; Simulation tools;

Exam: Written test; Group project;

Achieved learning outcomes will be assessed by means of the evaluation of a group project developed during the course (approx. weight 25%). and by a final exam (approx. weight 75%). The group project will be assigned during the course and must be completed and delivered together with a written report before the 15th of January. The score of the project will be the same for all the group members. The final exam is based on an analytical assessment of student achievement of the “expected learning outcomes” described above. The examination consists of a written only test, duration 60 min, closed books. In order to properly assess such achievement, the exam is composed of two questions focused on the topics seen during the lectures. The written exam aims at evaluating the ability of the students to deal with the dynamic behaviour of vehicle systems, starting from the model definition and ending with the system analysis. In particular, the test aims at assessing knowledge, communication skills and ability to use tools and methods taught in the lectures for analysing and modelling vehicle dynamics. The maximum obtainable mark is 30/30 cum laude. During the course, students are given an example of the final test, with discussion of the solution and hints on common errors and evaluation criteria. A few days after the written test, students are summoned for a review of the written output, in which examiners inform the students on grading criteria, and receive any student appeal supported by appropriate explanations. Further details on exam rules are given on the official course website.

In addition to the message sent by the online system, students with disabilities or Specific Learning Disorders (SLD) are invited to directly inform the professor in charge of the course about the special arrangements for the exam that have been agreed with the Special Needs Unit. The professor has to be informed at least one week before the beginning of the examination session in order to provide students with the most suitable arrangements for each specific type of exam.