Become familiar with analog electronics and electrical aspects of digital electronics. Design small analog systems from specifications. Understand the behavior of complex dynamics circuits and design oscillators and multivibrators. Design a digital circuit. Understand the classic data acquisition systems and know how to design then from specifications.

The student must know the theory of electrical networks, their time domain frequency domain analysis, the operation in the linear and saturation region of bipolar transistors and MOS, the concept of bias and small signal. He/she also needs to know the basic concepts of signal theory and feedback. As for the experimental exercises, the student should have gained some familiarity in using laboratory equipment (oscilloscope, power supply, signal generator).

Operational amplifiers (4.5 CFU) 1) structure of operational amplifiers with BJT and MOS: current mirror, differential stage, power stage. Power amplifiers with discrete components 2) Parasitic parameters of operational amplifiers, frequency response, stability 3) Linear circuits: amplifier, adder, instrumentation amplifier 4) Active filters: first order, second order; introduction to switched capacitor filter 5) Non-linear circuits: logarithmic and anti-logarithmic amplifier Oscillators and Multivibrators (2CFU) 1) Stability of the bias point of an electronic circuit: exponential and sinusoidal time-response and relationship with the position of the poles 2) Quasi-sinusoidal oscillators: block diagram and operating principle. Features of the direct and feedback block , characteristic equation. Descriptive function. Wien-bridge oscillator, phase shift oscillator, three-point oscillators (Colpitts and Hartley) 3) Differential negative resistors of type S and N and their use in oscillators and multivibrators. Monostable, astable and bistable multivibrator. Comparator and Schmitt trigger. Circuits with complex dynamics and chaos (1.5CFU) 1) Classification of asymptotic behaviors (equilibrium points; periodic behavior: limit cycles and fundamental theorems, Floquet multipliers and stability, non-periodic behavior: toroidal and chaotic attractors). Introduction to bifurcation phenomena 2) Examples of continous-time circuits with chaotic behavior: Chua's circuit and Colpitts oscillator 3) Examples of discrete-time circuits with chaotic behavior: one-dimensional maps 4) Statistical dynamics for discrete-time systems: generalities; Ergodicity - mixingness - exactness; Perron-Frobenious operator and its properties; The quantized state case as a projection of the PF operator (Equivalence with Markov chains). Introduction to the reduction of EMI in systems controlled by periodic signals and the generation of random numbers. Logic gates and switching circuits (1 CFU) 1) Logic gates and switching circuits 2) Bipolar and MOS switching transistors, switches, transmission gates, CMOS gates 3) Static and dynamic parameters of logic families, open drain and tri-state outputs 4) And-Or-Invert ports 5) Basic sequential circuits (latches, flip-flops, counter) Data Acquisition Systems (1 CFU) - Elements of sampling theory, quantization; D / A converter (potentiometric, weighted resistors, R-2R ladder); A / D converter (flash, successive approximation, tracking, pipeline); Sample & Hold

In addition to the theoretical lectures, the course is composed also by 6 labs (3 of experimental nature and 3 based on circuits simulations), each 3h long, to be held in one of the LED laboratories. Labs are elective and students are divided in groups of 3/4 elements each. In case a student decides to participate to the labs, then his/her presence is mandatory to each lab. Before the date of the first exam, each group of students shall submit two reports describing the results of two different labs, one among those of experimental nature and one among those pertaining circuits simulations, whose subject will be chosen by the Professor. Exercises are related to theoretical classes and aim to apply in practice the previously studied concepts.

Several lecture notes and slides covering most of the module content are available on the official Politecnico website. For further details and discussions the recommended texts are: 1) Sedra / Smith, "Microelectronic Circuits", 7th ed. Oxford University Press; 2) Gray/Hurst/Lewis/Meyer “Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits,” 5th Edition, Wiley

Lecture notes; Exercise with solutions ; Video lectures (current year);

Exam: Written test; Optional oral exam; Group essay;

The final assessment is based on a written test and a optional oral examination. The written test includes 2-3 numerical exercises related to the most important topics (weight 20/30) in addition to 5-10 multiple-choice questions (weigtht 10/30). The time slot allocated for the written examination is 2 hours. An oral colloquium can be requested either by the Professor or by a student whose score in the written test is at least 24/30. The oral exam is about 15 min long, and deals with all the topics considered during lessons and laboratories. The final score is given by the sum of the evaluation of the written test, plus the evaluation of the laboratory reports (if submitted) between 0 and 3/30 and of the oral examination (if taken) between -4/30 and -4/30. If the sum is larger than 30, then the final grade will be 30 with distinction (30 e lode). The report on the labs must be submitted before the date of the first exam. The objective of the exam is to determine the ability of the student to master the understating of the behavior of simple analog/digital circuits, filters as well as of multivibrators and oscillator circuits. Such a capability is ascertained through the analysis of circuits (solving exercises) and by answering to some theoretical questions.

In addition to the message sent by the online system, students with disabilities or Specific Learning Disorders (SLD) are invited to directly inform the professor in charge of the course about the special arrangements for the exam that have been agreed with the Special Needs Unit. The professor has to be informed at least one week before the beginning of the examination session in order to provide students with the most suitable arrangements for each specific type of exam.