Knowledge: The student will acquire advanced knowledge of the interaction between industrial processes and the natural environment in terms of pollutants and emissions responsible of environmental impacts and climate alteration. Ability: Through the learning of the proposed solutions and technologies the student will be able to describe the guidelines for the management of industries complying with sustainability objectives concerning pollutants and greenhouse gases emissions. The student will be able also to evaluate economic and energetic performances directly following the environmental key indicators. Competences: The knowledge is directed to the acquisition of competences under a multi-disciplinary approach for the analysis and establishment of the best solutions for the limitation of the environmental impacts of industrial activities, pursuing the resources valorization and zero-liquid discharge objectives and taking into account the related constraints.

The following knowledge pre-requisites are necessary: • Chemistry (stoichiometry, equilibria, chemical kinetics) • Applied environmental engineering (mass and energy balance solving, environmental impact assessment, air, and water emissions treatment, waste management). • Engineering and industrial systems (knowledge of the basics of process design, basics of process instrumentation and monitoring)

The course is organized in 6 modules: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Origin and basic principles of LCA according to ISO 14040-44 standards and recent European guidelines: the four steps of LCA methodology. A specific focus on the step of Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) for the calculation of impacts on different indicators. Applicative examples to industrial production processes with the use of a LCA software application (Simapro or OpenLCA) (1 CFU). Optimization of energy consumption in industrial plants. Principles on energy efficiency regulations and interventions regarding both thermal and electrical energy. Available incentives for energy savings with white certificates focus: applied examples (1CFU). Analysis of actual steel production processes: blast furnace, electric arc furnace, basic oxygen furnace, synter plant and cokeries with related gaseous, liquid and solid emissions. Optimization of waste management in the circular economy perspective. Best available technologies for pollutants gaseous emissions minimization. Wastewater treatment and reuse. Future developments of steel production processes for greenhouse gases emissions minimization (1 CFU). Analysis of actual cement production processes: crushing and grinding the raw materials, blending the materials in the correct proportions, burning the prepared mix in a kiln and grinding the burned product, known as “clinker,” with evaluation of the related gaseous, liquid and solid emissions. Optimization of waste management in the circular economy perspective. Best available technologies for pollutants gaseous emissions minimization. Wastewater treatment and reuse. Future developments of cement production processes for greenhouse gases emissions minimization (1 CFU). Analysis of actual industrial minerals production processes. Main industrial minerals and related employment. Quarry and mine cultivation processes with related gaseous, liquid, and solid emissions. Optimization of waste management in the circular economy perspective. Best available technologies for pollutants gaseous emissions minimization. Future developments of industrial minerals production processes for greenhouse gases emissions minimization (1 CFU). Analysis of actual vehicles production processes (or equivalent manufacturing process): employed materials, and assembling processes. Analysis of gaseous, liquid, and solid emissions. Optimization of waste management in the circular economy perspective. Best available technologies for pollutants gaseous emissions minimization. Wastewater treatment and reuse. Future developments of vehicle production processes. (1 CFU).

Teaching includes the participation of experts from the industrial sectors covered in the course.

• Classroom lectures and seminars; • Group work. Students will be divided in groups and a work will be assigned to each group. The group work will consist in the analysis of an industrial process and proposal of the strategies for the improvement of environmental sustainability. A presentation (10-15 min) will be requested to each group; all the students will have to take part in the presentation. The works will be evaluated for additional score on the final exam. The submission of the revised group work is compulsory to be admitted to the final exam. • Numerical exemplifications will also be presented in order to explain the principles and the applications of the described systems.

Given the very applicative nature of the course, it doesn’t seem convenient to indicate a specific textbook, able to be a specific reference basis alone for the exam preparation. However, complementary bibliography can be suggested to the students upon request, and for an in-depth study of the course topics.

Lecture slides; Lecture notes;

Exam: Written test; Group graphic design project;

The examination is aimed at ascertaining knowledge of the topics listed in the syllabus and the ability to critically evaluate the best solutions for the limitation of the environmental impacts of industrial processes. The exam consists of a written test, open questions with open or closed stimulus. The final grade will be awarded by mean of the application of a holistic grading rubric (“weak” to “excellent”) that will be presented to students at the beginning of the course. The written exam lasts 75-90 minutes and the maximum score is 30. Consultation of teaching materials is not permitted during the examination. Group essay: Group works will be assessed by mean of holistic grading rubric (“weak” to “excellent”) and they will lead to an increase in the final examination grade from 0 to 2 points. The submission of group work is compulsory to be admitted to the final exam.

In addition to the message sent by the online system, students with disabilities or Specific Learning Disorders (SLD) are invited to directly inform the professor in charge of the course about the special arrangements for the exam that have been agreed with the Special Needs Unit. The professor has to be informed at least one week before the beginning of the examination session in order to provide students with the most suitable arrangements for each specific type of exam.