Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery I)

Strategies for raw materials and energy in the international and national outlook. Recycling and reuse of waste materials and by-products. Material recovery processes in civil contexts. Waste cycle in a systems approach. Integrated MSW management. Technologies and processes for material recovery from waste or industrial by-products (paper, glass, plastic, wood, aluminium, steel, etc.). Extraction processes of high value-added molecules. Valorization of the organic fraction of waste. Anaerobic digestion and composting. Raw materials for chemicals and energy. Widely used products and processes: paper, plastics, wood, food, glass and metals. The role of petroleum, energy and chemical expenditures. Non-renewable fuels and fossil sources: basic overviews of production, costs and prospects for development. Alternative fuels and renewable sources. Practical activities: how to write a successful project proposal in the circular economy sector, related evaluation criteria, scientific excellence and project impacts.

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery II)

The course aims to provide a description of the main equipment found in a chemical or biotechnological plant. Knowledge of reading and setting flow diagrams, supported by the analysis of mass and energy balances, will be provided. In addition, the main processes belonging to biotechnology (biochemical, chemical and thermochemical processes) inclusive of their unit operations of pretreatment, process, downstream with focus on the quality and type of product obtained will be introduced. The study of processes will also be carried out considering indicators of environmental sustainability. The knowledge provided will be exemplified by case study analysis and numerical exercises.

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery I)

Identify possible scenarios for MINIMIZING WASTE or REFLUIT GENERATION by working on both process optimization and recovery/recycling strategies from industrial and civil contexts, identify the best technologies and SOLUTIONS FOR VALORIZATION of waste and by-products, evaluating both feasibility and economic and environmental sustainability, and finally technologies and processes for MATERIAL RECOVERY from waste to produce high value-added molecules.

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery II)

The target of the course is to provide students with the ability to set up and read a flow diagram and understand the operation of individual process units, both from a physical and technological point of view, as for example to know the equipment needed to carry out the process. At the end of the course, the student will know how to manage plants through mass and energy balances, while also consolidating the study of environmental and economic sustainability of the process itself. In particular, the student will be able to acquire techniques for dealing with problems related to: • strategies for the production and recovery of products (material and energy); • execution of mass and energy balances of a process; • scale-up procedure.

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery I)

Chemistry

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery II)

None

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery I)

1. General introduction on recycling and main strategies 2. Strategies adopted in civilian contexts 3. Raw materials for chemicals and energy 4. Technologies and processes for the recovery of waste 5. Products obtained from valorisation 6. Valorization of the organic fraction 7. Anaerobic digestion 8. The role of oil and fossil fuels 9. CO2 Valorization 10. Renewable energies

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery II)

The course will cover the following topics: An introductory part on the concept and assessment of sustainability • Definition of sustainability • Agenda 2023 • Introduction and design of circular systems Biorefinery • Definition and concept of biorefinery • Process description and design • Product description and identification Mass and energy balance • Mass balance • Mass balance and flow chart diagram • Energy balance Chemical and biochemical reactors • Introduction to basic parameters for the study of reactors • Description of reactor configuration • Reactors in continuous process. Up-stream processes • Introduction to sterilization processes, • Preparation of culture media and inocula • Optimization of the up-stream process Implementation of the down-stream process: • Introduction to the down-stream process • Types of treatments • Optimization of the down-stream process to obtain high value-added products. • Biological processes: Fermentative processes • Production of biogas and biohydrogen from anaerobic digestion and related sustainability assessment. Thermochemical processes: • introduction to thermochemical processes • thermochemical properties of biomass • combustion and torrefaction Thermochemical processes part 2 • introduction to pyrolysis • introduction to gasification • introduction to hydrothermal gasification Bio-based food applications • Introduction to extractive methods • Recovery of bio-based products from different types of food wastes Applications of bio-based products in agriculture • Wastewater recycling extractive strategies for mitigating the effects of desertification • Valorization of sludge from wastewater treatment • Application of biochar and humic acids in soil Teaching organization Teaching includes: • lectures (the topics proposed in the program); • classroom exercises/ (practical examples of the proposed topics).

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery I)

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery II)

The course is organized in two parts: - Massive on-line course, with brief video lessons and handouts for individual study - Applicative Exercise part in virtual classroom, one time a week during the semester

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery I)

Lessons (live), videos, pratical activities (in groups)

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery II)

Program The course will cover the following topics: An introductory part on the concept and assessment of sustainability • Definition of sustainability • Agenda 2023 • Introduction and design of circular systems Biorefinery • Definition and concept of biorefinery • Process description and design • Product description and identification Mass and energy balance • Mass balance • Mass balance and flow chart diagram • Energy balance Chemical and biochemical reactors • Introduction to basic parameters for the study of reactors • Description of reactor configuration • Reactors in continuous process. Up-stream processes • Introduction to sterilization processes, • Preparation of culture media and inocula • Optimization of the up-stream process Implementation of the down-stream process: • Introduction to the down-stream process • Types of treatments • Optimization of the down-stream process to obtain high value-added products. • Biological processes: Fermentative processes • Production of biogas and biohydrogen from anaerobic digestion and related sustainability assessment. Thermochemical processes: • introduction to thermochemical processes • thermochemical properties of biomass • combustion and torrefaction Thermochemical processes part 2 • introduction to pyrolysis • introduction to gasification • introduction to hydrothermal gasification Bio-based food applications • Introduction to extractive methods • Recovery of bio-based products from different types of food wastes Applications of bio-based products in agriculture • Wastewater recycling extractive strategies for mitigating the effects of desertification • Valorization of sludge from wastewater treatment • Application of biochar and humic acids in soil Teaching organization Teaching includes: • lectures (the topics proposed in the program); • classroom exercises/ (practical examples of the proposed topics).

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery I)

Slide of the Course

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery II)

The following texts are recommended as references for the topics covered in the class: o Biochemical engineering fundamentals, J.E. Bailey, D.F.Ollis, Mc Graw Hill, 1986 o Biotecnologie microbiche, Stefano Donadio, Gennaro Marino, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, 2008 o BioH2 & BioCH4 Through Anaerobic Digestion, B. Ruggeri, T. Tommasi, S. Sanfilippo, “ Springer-Verlag, 2015 - M.L. Shuler, F. Kargi

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery I)

Dispense; Materiale multimediale ;

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery II)

Slides; Dispense; Esercizi; Materiale multimediale ; Strumenti di collaborazione tra studenti;

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery I)

Modalitΰ di esame: Prova orale obbligatoria; Elaborato scritto prodotto in gruppo;

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery II)

Modalitΰ di esame: Prova scritta in aula tramite PC con l'utilizzo della piattaforma di ateneo;

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery I)

Exam: Compulsory oral exam; Group essay;

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery II)

Exam: Computer-based written test in class using POLITO platform;

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Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery I)

Students should be able to read a funding program and simulate the presentation of an innovative PROJECT PROPOSAL . The assessment of profit with respect to the curricular content is carried out by questionnaires in conjunction with that for Module 2 Mass and Energy Balance for Circular Economy of the same course.

Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery (Circular Platforms for energy and materials Recovery II)

The final examination consists of: • The evaluation of a written test (max 15/30), which can assess the knowledge and understanding of the official course programme and the ability to apply the knowledge acquired. In detail, the examination consists of an open question and 5 multiple-choice questions. - The open question will be graded 5/15 - Each multiple-choice question 2/15 - Each incorrect answer 0/15 - Each incorrect answer -1/15 • The assessment of the project developed in groups (max. 15/30) will take into account: - the ability to work in a team with people from different backgrounds to achieve a common goal - the methodological approach applied, throughout the various stages of the project development - the presentation of the project (either in the form of a report or a short oral presentation).

Gli studenti e le studentesse con disabilitΰ o con Disturbi Specifici di Apprendimento (DSA), oltre alla segnalazione tramite procedura informatizzata, sono invitati a comunicare anche direttamente al/la docente titolare dell'insegnamento, con un preavviso non inferiore ad una settimana dall'avvio della sessione d'esame, gli strumenti compensativi concordati con l'Unitΰ Special Needs, al fine di permettere al/la docente la declinazione piω idonea in riferimento alla specifica tipologia di esame.