Upon completing this laboratory, students will be equipped with both practical and theoretical knowledge, enabling them to: - Critical Analysis and Interpretation: Analyze and critically evaluate urban and architectural modern history through the lens of climate, recognizing the impact of narratives of change in historical developments - Digital Communication of Research: Utilize digital tools to effectively communicate research findings, employing methods such as digital timelines, video essays, and online presentations to showcase the intersection of architecture, urban planning, and indigenous methodologies. - Documentation and Archival Research: Identify and utilize diverse forms of documentation, including non-traditional and indigenous sources, to organize and analyze information. - Reflect critically on the representation of knowledge in various types of literature, particularly focusing on non-European perspectives often marginalized in historical discourse. - Postcolonial Perspectives to Historical Analysis: Adopt a multidimensional approach to examine historical and ongoing processes of urban transformation, considering environmental, social, political, and economic factors. Address interconnected issues such as ecological sustainability, social justice, and the resilience of communities, particularly in the Global South. - Collaborative Research and Project Development: Work effectively in groups to design, execute, and present a historical research project that integrates course learnings with personal insights, leveraging collaborative skills to enrich the research process and outcomes. - Ability to develop a critical reading of twentieth-century urban contexts through a climate lens - Multidisciplinary analysis of layered urban environments - Production and management of outputs (cartographic, archival, narrative) - Greater awareness of the role of governance in managing modern heritage

For a full comprehension of the themes that the course covers, it is recommended that the student has passed the History of Contemporary Architecture exam (1 st year) and attended the History of Modem Architecture exam (2nd year).

Course topics are designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of modern movement from resilience perspective but also to equip students with critical tools to engage with contemporary issues of climate change through the lens of history. Course topics are: - Climate Literacy: Provides the foundational concepts of climate science (e.g., risk, resilience, vulnerability) to help students frame the built environment as part of broader ecological and climatic systems across time. - Nineteenth and Twentieth-Century Urban Developments as a response to the Industrial Revolution: Explores how industrial growth and urban expansion shaped landscapes, infrastructures, and spatial hierarchies, influencing the material and environmental history of cities. - Environmental Imagination of the Modern Movement: Investigates how the modern movement envisioned architecture and planning as tools to improve living conditions and human-environment relations. - Governance and Narratives of the Modern City: Reflects on the institutional and discursive frameworks that produced and preserved modern urban heritage, considering how historical narratives influence what is protected and how it is understood today. - Decolonizing Architectural History: Investigate the impact of colonial narratives on the understanding and representation of non-Western modern heritage. This topic will challenge students to critically reassume non-European modern movement developments - Interdisciplinary Approaches to Global Architectural History: Integrate perspectives from ethnography, environmental science, and anthropology to provide a holistic view of how architectural practices are intertwined with cultural identity and environmental stewardship. - Critical Theories and Methods in Architectural History: Encourage critical thinking and methodological diversity in studying architectural history, incorporating theories of postcolonialism, environmentalism, and social justice to enrich understanding.

The laboratory will guide students through a plurality of exercises aimed at developing specific skills: bibliographic research; identification and critical use of primary and secondary sources; critical readings of key texts; paper writing exercises; visual analysis of cities; individual and group presentations; collective discussions; etc.

The laboratory (60 hrs) will alternate between: - lessons and lectures on specific topics by teachers and international speakers (20 hrs); - specific exercises to be conducted either in small groups (25 hrs); - collective guided discussions on some issues of common relevance (15 hrs). The students are expected to work in groups for the successful delivery of a historical research project executed and presented with a digital narrative. Depending on the circumstances, when possible, field trips are foreseen.

Mandatory Readings: - Barber, D. (2020). Modern architecture and climate: Design before air conditioning. Princeton University Press. (Read Chapter 2) - Chakrabarty, D. (2009). The climate of history: Four theses. In Critical Inquiry, 35, pp.197–222 - Choay, F. (1997). The rule and the model: On the theory of architecture and urbanism. MIT Press. - Dinler, M. (2025). Heritage and climate injustice. In Saloul, I. & Baillie, B. (Eds.), The Palgrave encyclopedia of cultural heritage and conflict. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61493-5_53-1 - Frampton, K. (1980). Modern architecture: A critical history. Oxford University Press. https://archive.org/details/modernarchitectu0000kenn - Ghosh, A. (2016). The great derangement: Climate change and the unthinkable. University of Chicago Press. - Hays, K. M. (ed.) (1998). Oppositions Reader: Selected Readings from a Journal for Ideas and Criticism in Architecture, 1973–1984. Princeton Architectural Press. - ICOMOS. (2019). Future of our pasts: Engaging cultural heritage in climate action. - IPCC. (2023). Climate change 2023: Synthesis report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Core Writing Team, H. Lee & J. Romero, Eds.), Geneva, Switzerland. IPCC. https://doi.org/10.59327/IPCC/AR6-9789291691647 - Mumford, E. (2000). The CIAM discourse on urbanism, 1928–1960. MIT Press. (Read Introduction) Further Readings: - Banham, Reyner. (1960). Theory and Design in the First Machine Age. London: The Architectural Press. - Banham, R. (1969). The architecture of the well-tempered environment. University of Chicago Press. - Colomina, B. (Ed.). (1992). Sexuality and space. Princeton Architectural Press. https://monoskop.org/images/9/9e/Colomina_Beatriz_ed_Sexuality_and_Space.pdf - Dinler, M. (2021). "Scale Matters Political Dynamics of Urban Conservation". WerteWandel: Prozesse, Strategien und Konflikte in der gebauten Umwelt, edited by Julia Ess, Eva Maria Froschauer, Elke Richter and Clara Jiva Schulte, Berlin, Boston: Birkhäuser, 2021, pp. 135-146. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783035623277-010 - Dinler, M. (2021). Counter-Mapping through Digital Tools as an Approach to Urban History: Investigating the Spatial Condition of Activism. Sustainability, 13(16), 8904. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13168904 - Galuzzi, P. (2016). Historical authenticity of modern architecture: Preservation and regeneration of Olivetti architecture in Ivrea. In Techne – Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, 12, pp. 122–128. https://doi.org/10.13128/Techne‑19343 - Wright, G. (1991). The Politics of Design in French Colonial Urbanism. University of Chicago Press. - Tafuri, M. (1976) Modern Architecture in Italy 1796–1945. - Tafuri, M (1976). Architecture and Utopia: Design and Capitalist Development. MIT Press. - Vale, L. J. (2014). The politics of resilient cities: Whose resilience and whose city? In Building Research & Information, 42(2), pp. 191–201. https://doi.org/10.1080/09613218.2014.850602

Lecture slides; Text book; Exercises; Lab exercises; Multimedia materials; Student collaboration tools;

Exam: Compulsory oral exam; Practical lab skills test; Group graphic design project; Group essay; Group project;

Evaluation Matrix (final vote is over 30): The evaluation consists of three parts: 1. Written exam. 2. Co-development of the final project with the teaching committee. 3. Final submission and oral exam. WRITTEN EXAM (%20 of final vote): It will cover “Module 1: Climate Literacy” to assess the basic knowledge and ability to assess the current developments regarding the climate change. CO-DEVELOPMENT OF THE FINAL PROJECT (50% of final vote). There are seven sessions dedicated to the co-development of the final project together with the teaching committee. You will work in groups for investigating in detail and undertaking historic research on a case study selected together with the teaching committee. You should discuss your project at least 3 times (out of these seven sessions) with one of the members of the teaching committee (either the professor of the class or the tutor) and present the progress you achieved. FINAL SUBMISSION AND ORAL EXAM (30% of final vote): You have to submit the results of your project with a graphically rich poster (board) and with a digital narrative of your choice. If you don’t already have 15 points from at the end of the term, you will NOT be admitted to the final submission and oral exam. LODE: The projects that use architectural materials (maps, architectural drawings, historic documents, etc.) integrating these materials with a creative graphical video narrative will receive lode if the oral exam is successful.

In addition to the message sent by the online system, students with disabilities or Specific Learning Disorders (SLD) are invited to directly inform the professor in charge of the course about the special arrangements for the exam that have been agreed with the Special Needs Unit. The professor has to be informed at least one week before the beginning of the examination session in order to provide students with the most suitable arrangements for each specific type of exam.