ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS This course covers the fundamentals of electronic systems. Following a top-down approach from the system level to the device level, the main tools for analyzing modules for analog and digital electronics are presented with emphasis on applications relevant to the automotive area. FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL Fundamentals of Electrical Systems refers to the modelling of electrical phenomena, using the theory of lumped parameters circuits. However, exploiting physical analogies, it is possible to use models and methods of this Subject in to study other physical theories (stationary and unstationary thermal conduction problems, hydraulic problems, etc). Because of the creation of transversal skills, this Subject is included in several Engineering curricula. Fundamentals of Electrical Systems aims at providing the capability of modelling electrical phenomena in a rigorous way, introducing the method for describing connections of electrical elements and circuits. The main tools to solve electrical circuits will be developed to handle direct current and alternating current circuits. Particular attention will be given to real world applications, especially operating at industrial frequency

ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS On successful completion of this course, students will be able to analyze the frequency behaviour of circuits with operational amplifiers, understand the key concepts of digital combinatorial and sequential circuits, and design data acquisition systems. FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL At the end of the Course, Students will acquire the following skills: * ability to recognise the main electrical components and interconnections * knowledge of methods to perform circuit analysis in electrical engineering. * ability to analyse electrical circuits operating in DC * ability to analyse electrical circuits operating in transient conditions * ability to analyse electrical circuits operating in AC

ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS Mathematical analysis (differential and integral calculus); complex arithmetic; theory of linear electrical networks: time domain and frequency domain analysis. FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL Knowledge of linear algebra, ordinary differential equations, complex numbers and basic concepts of electromagnetic (electrostatic field, current field, magnetic field, quasi static fields)

ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS - Functional block decomposition of complex systems; frequency and time domain representation of signals, analog and digital signals. - Amplifier configurations and main parameters. - Bode plot and dynamic behavior of circuits in time and frequency domain. - Operational amplifiers and negative feedback: inverting and non-inverting stages, and other circuits with operational amplifiers. - Real operational amplifiers. - Principles of analog to digital and digital to analog conversion. - The CMOS inverter. - Digital systems: combinational and sequential circuits, interfacing, dynamical properties. - Digital circuits implementing arithmetic functions. - Registers and counters. FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL Lectures PART I: PRELIMINARIES Basic definitions models electrical engineering and lumped circuit models: hypotheses electrical components and terminals, two-terminal components current e ammeter voltage and voltmeter passive and active sign convention electrical power (wattmeter) and energy, passivity Topology operative definitions: node, branch, loop, mesh, graph Kirchhoffs current law (surface, node) Kirchhoffs voltage law (closed path, mesh) Two-terminal components and constitutive equations constitutive equations classifications: control type, linearity, time invariance passive elements 1. resistor (resistance, conductance), short circuit, open circuit, ideal switch 2. electric energy and capacitor 3. magnetic energy and inductor active elements 1. voltage generator 2. current generator Solution of the fundamental problem of circuit theory definition linearly independent equations: KCL, KVL constitutive equations method of sparse tableau adynamic networks (algebraic equations), dynamic (differential equations), order of a network PART II: ADYNAMIC CIRCUITS Special methods for the solution of electrical circuits equivalence principle series and parallel connection 1. definitions 2. series of resistors and voltage division 3. parallel of resistors and current division 4. examples 5. series of generators 6. parallel of generators star and delta connection superposition principle (proof) Millmans theorem (proof) Thevenins equivalent circuit (proof) Nortons equivalent circuit (proof) Tellegens theorem Maximum power transfer Circuits with controlled generators PARTE III: DYNAMIC CIRCUITS Transient analysis constitutive equations of capacitor and inductor series and parallel connection of capacitors and inductors solutions of differential equations with constant coefficients: outline 1. associated homogeneous equations 2. particular solution 3. initial conditions first order differential equations 1. free and forced evolution 2. transient and permanent evolution RC circuit RL circuit Solution of first order circuits with constant inputs (Thevenin, Norton) switches Sinusoidal steady state (summary of complex number algebra) sinusoidal waveforms phasor of a sinusoidal waveform properties of phasors topological and constitutive equations in phasor domain impedance, admittance and generalized Ohms law generalization of principles and theorems in phasor domain maximum power transfer in AC phasor diagram frequency response power in sinusoidal steady state 1. instantaneous power 2. real and reactive power 3. complex and apparent power Boucherots law power factor correction of inductive single-phase loads non sinusoidal periodic regime Practice lessons Practice # 1 KVL and KCL Constitutive equations General solution of electric circuits Evaluation of equivalent resistances Solution of circuits by using voltage and current division Practice # 2 Use of superposition principle Thevenin and Norton equivalent circuits Millmans theorem Practice # 3 Solution of circuits with controlled generators Practice # 4 Transient analysis Practice # 5 Sinusoidal steady state analysis of circuits in phasor domain Practice # 6 Sinusoidal steady state: method of power balance

ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS General organization: 26 hours of lectures and 14 hours of classroom training aimed at solving problems inherent to the subjects treated in the lessons. FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL Theory lectures (30.5h) are given in the traditional mode writing all steps by hand on the whiteboard. Practice lessons (two groups, 10.5h) consist in the numerical solution of exercises proposed by the lecturer.

ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS - Lecture notes and examples of worked problems available on the course website - Supplemental material: R. Jaeger, “Microelectronic Circuit Design, ” McGraw-Hill FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL * C.K. Alexander, M.N.O. Sadiku, Fundamentals of Electric Circuits, 6/e, 2017 * G. Rizzoni, Principles and Applications of Electrical Engineering, 6/e, McGraw-Hill, 2016 * J.A. Svoboda, R.C. Dorf, Introduction to Electric Circuits, 9/e, Wiley, 2013 Handouts of the lessons and video recordings are available on the course webpage. Note: I recommend to take your own notes during class hours and metabolize the subject using the textbooks and slides as learning aids.

Modalità di esame: Prova scritta (in aula); Prova orale facoltativa;

Exam: Written test; Optional oral exam;

... ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS Description The exam includes a written test and an optional oral test. The oral test can be requested according to the rules described below. The written exam will be given at the scheduled date and time, as communicated to students and will consist of two parts: Fundamentals of Electrical Systems and Fundamentals of Electronic Systems. Each part has a maximum score of 16 points. Each part has * 8 multiple-choice or numerical quizzes for a total of 8 points. If correct, a multiple-choice question is awarded 1 point, an incorrect answer results in 0.25 penalty points. Numerical quizzes are considered correct (1 point) if the numerical value falls within a 5% numerical tolerance (unless otherwise stated). * A problem with multiple questions: 8 total points. The problem is a classical exercise to be solved with paper and pen. Duration The duration of each module is 50 minutes, for a total of 100 minutes. For Students with special needs, the duration of each module is 65 minutes, for a total of 130 minutes. Permissible and non-permissible aids During the exam it is possible to use * a scientific calculator * pen, pencil, drafting instruments * The exam is a “closed book” examination: books and formula sheets are not admitted. * Everything that is not officially allowed, must be considered as a non-permissible aid. Cheating is a serious academic offense. Students discovered engaging in such behavior during the exam shall earn a failing grade and their case shall be reported to the Academic authorities for further disciplinary actions. Grading The final score is obtained summing up the results of the two parts. The exam is failed if any of the following is verified * total score (Fundamentals of Electrical Systems and Fundamentals of Electronic Systems) lower than 16 points * partial score (Fundamentals of Electrical Systems or Fundamentals of Electronic Systems) lower than 7 points The total score of the two parts will be limited to 30 points in case of higher score. Oral Exam Candidates with a positive total score have access to the optional oral examination that consists of a one or two questions related to the course program of both modules. In this case, the final score is the mean value of the written and oral exam. To access the written and oral exam, it is necessary to independently apply through the official registration website. The oral exam is * mandatory for students with a non sufficient total score (16 or 17 points) * mandatory in case of doubts regarding the written exam. In these cases the Students will be informed a few days after the written test * upon request of the Students FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL Description The exam includes a written test and an optional oral test. The oral test can be requested according to the rules described below. The written exam will be given at the scheduled date and time, as communicated to students and will consist of two parts: Fundamentals of Electrical Systems and Fundamentals of Electronic Systems. Each part has a maximum score of 16 points. Each part has * 8 multiple-choice or numerical quizzes for a total of 8 points. If correct, a multiple-choice question is awarded 1 point, an incorrect answer results in 0.25 penalty points. Numerical quizzes are considered correct (1 point) if the numerical value falls within a 5% numerical tolerance (unless otherwise stated). * A problem with multiple questions: 8 total points. The problem is a classical exercise to be solved with paper and pen Duration The duration of each module is 50 minutes, for a total of 100 minutes. For Students with special needs, the duration of each module is 65 minutes, for a total of 130 minutes. Permissible and non-permissible aids During the exam it is possible to use: * a scientific calculator * pen, pencil, drafting instruments * The exam is a closed book examination: books and formula sheets are not admitted. * Everything that is not officially allowed, must be considered as a non-permissible aid. Cheating is a serious academic offense. Students discovered engaging in such behavior during the exam shall earn a failing grade and their case shall be reported to the Academic authorities for further disciplinary actions. Grading The final score is obtained summing up the results of the two parts. The exam is failed if any of the following is verified * total score (Fundamentals of Electrical Systems and Fundamentals of Electronic Systems) lower than 16 points * partial score (Fundamentals of Electrical Systems or Fundamentals of Electronic Systems) lower than 7 points The total score of the two parts will be limited to 30 points in case of higher score. Oral Exam Candidates with a positive total score have access to the optional oral examination that consists of a one or two questions related to the course program of both modules. In this case, the final score is the mean value of the written and oral exam. To access the written and oral exam, it is necessary to independently apply through the official registration website. The oral exam is * mandatory for students with a non sufficient total score (16 or 17 points) * mandatory in case of doubts regarding the written exam. In these cases the Students will be informed a few days after the written test * upon request of the Students

Gli studenti e le studentesse con disabilità o con Disturbi Specifici di Apprendimento (DSA), oltre alla segnalazione tramite procedura informatizzata, sono invitati a comunicare anche direttamente al/la docente titolare dell'insegnamento, con un preavviso non inferiore ad una settimana dall'avvio della sessione d'esame, gli strumenti compensativi concordati con l'Unità Special Needs, al fine di permettere al/la docente la declinazione più idonea in riferimento alla specifica tipologia di esame.