Il modulo si propone di fornire agli studenti la conoscenza delle tecnologie per il contenimento delle emissioni inquinanti degli autoveicoli e dei principali sistemi alternativi di propulsione per trazione, quali i propulsori ibridi (termico-elettrici) ed i propulsori elettrici (a batterie e/o a Fuel-Cell).

Capacitΰ di individuare la tecnologia piω idonea, in termini di processo di combustione e di post-trattamento dei gas di scarico, in funzione del tipo di veicolo e della sua missione.
Capacitΰ di individuare la configurazione di propulsore alternativo piω idonea, in funzione del tipo di veicolo e della sua missione.

Sono propedeutiche le nozioni dei corsi di: Propulsori termici, Applicazione del sistema propulsore al veicolo, Progetto del motore e del controllo, Progetto della trasmissione del moto

Introduction
• Pollutant emissions environmental impact: primary and secondary pollutants, geographical impact scales, impact of the transportation sector, health effects.
• The legislation framework
Pollutant formation and in cylinder control
• Pollutant formation in s.i. engines: CO, HC, NOx formation mechanisms, impact of the main design and operating parameters
• Pollutant formation in c.i. engines: CO, HC, NOx, PM formation mechanisms, impact of the main design and operating parameters
• In cylinder emission control: EGR, "advanced" combustion regimes (e.g. PCCI)
Aftertreatment technologies
• Three Ways Catalyst, TWC
• Diesel Oxidation Catalyst, DOC
• Diesel Particulate Filter, DPF
• Selective Catalytic Reduction, SCR
• Lean NOX Trap, LNT
Pollutant emissions measurements
• Gaseous emissions concentrations measurements: NDIR (for CO, CO2), FID (for HC), CLD (for NOx),
• Smoke and opacity measurements
• Particle number and size measurements
ICE advanced technologies for emissions control
• Variable Valve Actuation, Miller Cycle, cylinder deactivation
• Gasoline Direct Injection: homogeneous and stratified charge operation
• Common Rail injection systems: multiple injections, injection rate shaping
• Advanced Combustion regimes (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition, HCCI).
Alternative fuels
• CNG, H2/CNG mixtures, LPG
• Bioethanol
• Biodiesel, HVO, GTL

ELECTRIC AND HYBRID PROPULSION SYSTEMS
Introduction to alternative propulsion systems, components and applications
• Main typologies and possible classifications of the alternative propulsion systems: definitions, functioning modes and comparison in term of performance and efficiency
• Classification, functioning principles and analysis of the main non-conventional components:
• Energy storage systems and power buffers: batteries, supercapacitors and flywheels
• Electric traction and generation machines: DC and AC machines
• Power Electronics and control: DC/DC and DC/AC converters
• Fuel-Cell Stack and Fuel-Cell System
Electric Hybrid Propulsion Systems
• Electric Hybrid vehicle architectures. Typologies and functioning principles for:
• Parallel hybrid (Electrically assisted Internal Combustion Engine propulsion system)
• Series hybrid (Thermally assisted electric propulsion system)
• Series-parallel hybrid (combined, split...)
Analysis of the propulsion system on vehicle
• Components selection for: internal combustion engine, energy storage system and power buffer (if any), electric machines and power electronics, mechanical transmission
• Models for performance, efficiency and on the vehicle control simulation. Experimental results and realised vehicles examples
Electric Propulsion Systems
• Electric vehicle architectures. Typologies and functioning principles with: batteries and/or Fuel Cell
Analysis of the propulsion system on vehicle
• Components selection for: energy storage system and power buffer (if any), electric machines and power electronics, mechanical transmission
• Models for performance, efficiency and on the vehicle control simulation. Experimental results and realised vehicles examples
Perspectives and future developments
• Application requirements for niche and future mass production markets
• Evolution trends
• Strategies for the effective introduction of the electrified propulsion systems on vehicle

LABs & EXERCISES
ENGINE EMISSIONS CONTROL
• Fuel consumption and emissions calculation for a passenger car over the NEDC
• "Raw" and "diluted" specific emissions calculations for steady state operating conditions
• Emissions measurements at Polito DENERG labs

ELECTRIC AND HYBRID PROPULSION SYSTEMS
• Pre-design, performance and efficiency analysis of alternative propulsion systems for different architectures

Visit of the CRF laboratories at Orbassano and in particular of some testing and development devices in the facilities for the alternative propulsion systems

Since most of the topics of the course concern the recent and upcoming development of the technologies for emission controls and alternative propulsion systems, there are no textbooks encompassing all the course topics.
Lesson slides will be distributed through the Polito Website or through paper copies available at the Campus printing office.

Since most of the topics of the course concern the recent and upcoming development of the technologies for emission controls and alternative propulsion systems, there are no textbooks encompassing all the course topics.
Lesson slides will be distributed through the Polito Website or through paper copies available at the Campus printing office.

The final exam is made of two parts, the first concerning emissions control, the second the electric and hybrid propulsion systems. The first part is based on a written examination made of 4-5 questions, while the second part assessment is based on a written and an oral examination.

The final exam is made of two parts, the first concerning emissions control, the second the electric and hybrid propulsion systems. The first part is based on a written examination made of 4-5 questions, while the second part assessment is based on a written and an oral examination.